Mechanics behind SAP user measurement

This blog will analyze some of the tables behind the SAP user license measurement.

Warning: the list of tables below is not complete. Do not base any assumptions on the content of these tables in your system. In updates and newer versions all content can change. The tables and the text in blog is to give you insight into the process. In any contract SAP will claim the right for inspection of actual usage of your system versus the license rights in your contract.

Questions that will be answered are:

  • How do I know which objects are measured?
  • How are objects measured?
  • How can I find actual measured objects?

The general user measurement principles are explained in the blog on USMM.

The tables behind license measurement

The best table to start with is the TUAPP table: measurement of applications.

Example is given below:

Table TUAPP entries

Here you can see that Advanced ATP is measured via call function module. In SE37 you can lookup the function module and see inside the code what exactly is measured:

Function module AATP_AUDIT

The other entry in TUAPP we will take as example is Procurement Orders. Its application ID is 5000 and does not measure via function module.

First we get the application to unit and unit name from table TUAPP_UNT (units themselves are defined in table TUUNT):

TUAPP_UNT

Now we see procurement is counting Inquiry, Purchase order, Contract, Scheduling Agreement and Others.

The actual values read by the measurement for the application counters are stored in table TUCNT:

TUCNT

The tables behind the AC checks

The AC (anti cheating) modules use bit different tables.

Table TUL_AC_UNIT is to denote the table to count on:

TUL_AC_UNIT

Here you see the main procurement table EKKO has ID number 5018.

In table TUL_ACTTC you can lookup this value:

TUL_ACTTC for EKKO

This data will be used in dynamic SQL statement that will list the user name (ERNAM) who did the create or change and uses AEDAT (last change or creation date) for table EKKO to count for check 5018.

License measurement tips & tricks

This blog will give you tips & tricks for the SAP license measurement.

Questions that will be answered are:

  • How to deal with license classification for background users?
  • How to deal with license classification for standard SAP users?
  • How to deal with license classification for SAP support and fire-call users?
  • How to deal with multiple logon?
  • How to deal with developer licenses?
  • What does Confusopoly mean?

Background users

According to OSS note 32326 – System measurement : Technical users all background users are free of charge. Classify them as type 91 Test users. This rule is valid for:

  • Batch users to run background jobs
  • SAP to SAP system connection users
  • Interface batch users
Be careful with the interface users. If an external system posts data into SAP system with a single background user, but it is clear that in the source system multiple real users doing the actions, SAP might want to charge you for 'indirect use'.

System dialog users

SAP standard dialog users are excluded from system license measurement. See OSS note 1402837 – Info USMM/LAW: Excluded SAP users in the measurement for a full list.

SAP support users and fire-call users

For live support of an SAP system you typically will have 2 types of support users:

  1. Users for SAP themselves to logon to your system and provide support to you
  2. Fire-call users with elevated authorizations to solve time critical incidents

Both type of users have no direct business goal, but have only support usage. You can mark them as type 91 Test user, as long as you have a clear naming convention for these users and a general rule that they are locked unless they are needed.

User deletion as regular activity

The user measurement program (both USMM and USMM2) checks for deletion of users in the last three months. To avoid discussions on user deletion it is best practice to delete monthly, or bi-monthly, all persons which have left your company.

End validity date

Users who don’t have a current validity date are not counted in the user measurement program. You might want to schedule program RSUSR_LOCK_USERS in a regular batch job to end the validity of users that did not log on for long time automatically. See this blog for more details.

Multiple logon

SAP does measure how many times a user has a double, triple, etc logon. The results are stored in table USR41_MLD. SAP might argue that the same user is used by multiple persons. You can use the contents of table USR41_MLD to prove if this was a mistake only. If the are too many multiple logons you might need to go back to the business to change their behavior.

You can also forbid the multiple logons at system level. SAP system parameter login/disable_multi_gui_login can be set in RZ11 to forbid multiple logons. For some users (like DDIC) you do want to keep multiple logons. These users must be set into system parameter login/multi_login_users=username1,username2,username3,etc.

Proper consolidation

Use the SLAW or SLAW2 tool to execute a proper consolidation of your measured users. This process will de-duplicate your counted users.

License validation program

Read this dedicated blog to know more about license vailidation program RSUVM080.

LUI License utilization information

The LUI (license utilization information) tool is an online SAP tool that has all the information on your on premise and cloud licenses information combined. For cloud the usage is automatically visible. For on premise systems you can upload the usage via the SLAW files. This can give you insights into under-consumption and over-consumption of licenses. Read more in this blog.

Check for bug fix notes in your advantage

SAP might give you a list of OSS notes to apply in your system before the measurement. These notes normally benefit SAP. You can also check for OSS notes that benefit you.

Example:

3017067 – USMM2: Korrektur Klassifizierungshilfe Anwender Prof/Ltd.Prof.

FIORI gateway usage

For FIORI gateway usage, read this dedicated blog.

Developer licenses

SAP has made the developer license measurement messy with the move to S4HANA by removing the simple DEVACCESS measurement. Read more in this blog.

Confusopoly

If you think you know all about SAP licenses, SAP will change everything again. Dilbert has a nice word for it: confusopoly:

Confusopoly

Sometime people on sales/buying SAP joke about the SAP abbreviation being Shut-up And Pay.

EHP switches and licenses

EHP switches can deliver great new functionality. But not all of them are for free. This blog will explain, how you will know which ones are included in the standard license, and which ones not.

Questions that will be answered are:

  • How to know which switch has license impact?
  • What are best practices for EHP switches?

Relationship between EHP switches and licenses

The relationship between EHP switch activation and licenses is explained in OSS note 1524246 – Relationship of licenses and business functions.

Attached to this OSS note is the most recent version of the PDF listing which switches are part of the standard license, and which switches require an extra license.

How to read the document?

The document is sorted per business area. Best way is simply use the find button in the PDF and search for your switch.

Example of 2 switches that don’t have license impact:

EHP no license

The pricing comment and License (material number) column are empty. These switches are part of standard license.

Example of switch with license impact:

EHP with license

For this switch your company should be in possession, or acquire the license mentioned in the last column.

EHP switches best practices

Since EHP switch can have license impact the following best practices is suggested:

  • Restrict SFW5 EHP switch activation access to basis team only (display for all is ok)
  • Explain basis team the fundamentals of the licenses and EHP switches
  • Determine in your company who must approve EHP switch on and make clear to basis team only to execute the activation after this approval

If you have switched on a switch with licenses and don’t want to use it, check if it is a reversible switch. Then simply undo this. If it is not reversible, don’t use the corresponding functionality. The latter is much harder since you need to restrict authorizations to that function very carefully.

SAP tool for measuring current indirect access

In the previous blog the new SAP license model for indirect access. The biggest challenge after reading the blog will be: how can I know the impact for my situation and my SAP system?

For this purpose SAP has developed an estimation tool.

Questions that will be answered in this blog are:

  • Which note do I need to apply to get the estimation tool?
  • How do I run the estimation tool?
  • Why is the tool estimation only?
Warning: this tool only gives estimation. The tool cannot take into account specific configurations you have done to standard SAP that influence the outcome. Also the tool cannot take into account potentially company specific agreements you have made with SAP.

Digital access report

Start transaction RSUVM_DAC for the digital access report:

Double click on the line will get you to the details.

More background on this transaction via OSS note 2837612 – Measurement report for Digital Access: RSUVM_DAC.

New estimation tool

SAP has developed new estimation tool.

S4HANA: OSS note 2957649 – Completely revised digital access estimation report for S/4H and 2999672 – Completely revised digital access estimation report 2 for S/4H.

ECC: OSS note 2957647 – Completely revised digital access estimation report for ECC and 2992090 – Completely revised digital access estimation report 2 for ECC.

Running the new estimation tool

Start program DAC_S4_COUNT_DOCTYP_ITEM for S4HANA or DAC_ECC_COUNT_DOCTYP_ITEM for ECC (new programs!):

New digital access entry screen

Enter the date and user ID’s. Result:

New digital access results

Installation of the old estimation tool

The generic OSS note is 2738406 – Digital Access: Central Technical Guidelines.

Depending on your SAP version and support package the tool is already available, or you need to manually install it. In case of manual installation, first manually create package Digital_Access in SE80. The next OSS note to install is depending on your version (S/4HANA or ECC):

After the SNOTE actions add the text manually.

Then apply OSS note 2795775 – Digital Access: Usability Improvements Estimation Note to get extra selection criteria.

Running the old estimation tool

After the note is installed you can start program DAC_S4_COUNT_DOCUMENTTYP_ITEM (for S4HANA) or DAC_ECC_COUNT_DOCUMENTTYP_ITEM (for ECC):

Fill out the date and user ID to check.

Result is the amount of documents in the period:

Digital access check tool result

Unfortunately you have to enter user ID by user ID. See OSS note 2933979 – The report DAC_ECC_COUNT_DOCUMENTTYP_ITEM does not give back any document.

How does the counting work?

The counting estimation in the ABAP is simply executing a select count for the time frame and user on the respective tables for specific document types.

Example below is the counting of purchase order line items:

Check tool count statement

Here you can see only lines from EKPO with type lc_bstyp_f (which has value ‘F’) are selected. If you have configured your system differently (for example copied F to Z and are using Z) the count program will not find and report this.

This is the reason why the program is only to give you an estimation.

Tool updates

Regularly check the tool OSS note for new updates of the note version. Other relevant notes and bug fixes: