After a copy of a system to a new system (like a sandbox) you will find out the custom objects have a different original system and all changes will result into modification editor in stead of the normal ABAP editor.
Questions that will be answered in this blog are:
How to change original system of an object?
How to mass change original system of all Z objects in one shot?
Changing original system of an object
To change on original system of an object first start transaction SE03 to go to the transport organizer tools:
Select the tool Change Object Directory Entries:
Here you can select a specific program, function group, etc. In our case, we do a selection on the original system. This will give list of all objects with that original system:
If you select an object and press the Change Object Directory button, you can change the original system of a single object.
Mass change
To execute a mass change you need select the top node first and then give in a command (not a menu option): key in mass in the command part:
Then hit enter and a new hidden popup will come:
Now enter the new original system and press Ok. All is change in one shot now.
If for some reason it does not work you can use the below emergency program:
DATA: zlt_tadir TYPE TABLE OF tadir.
DATA: zls_tadir TYPE tadir.
SELECT * FROM tadir INTO TABLE zlt_tadir WHERE srcsystem EQ 'SRC'. LOOP AT zlt_tadir INTO zls_tadir. zls_tadir-srcsystem = 'TAR'. MODIFY tadir FROM zls_tadir. WRITE sy-subrc. ENDLOOP.
If the code is ok, set the break-point at ABAP command AUTHORITY-CHECK:
Now click on the Start Script button.
End result: you can execute the program without any issues.
Explanation of the method
What has happened here? The debug scripting is nothing more then fast automation. The developer could have manually bypassed all the multiple authorization checks in this program. Now he lets the script take care: the coding of the script simple changes the SY-SUBRC value after any break-point (which is reached at statement AUTHORITY-CHECK) to 0, which is green light: pass.
Prevention
If you don’t want this to happen in your system there are 2 main measures to take:
Remove debug & replace authorization from all non-ABAP developers in a development system and remove debug & replace from all non-development systems for all users
Make sure you tell the ABAP developers that you are aware of this script. You cannot prevent them from running it, but you can tell them that if you find out it can have severe consequences.
Some archiving object use the AIS (archiving information system) to enable the end user a quick retrieval of archiving information. This note will give warning before start of deletion if the AIS is note active for the object: 2624077 – Starting delete jobs: Check for active info structures.
In the blog on ANST we focused on searching notes for ABAP GUI applications. This blog will focus on web application that run ABAP code in the backend (such as FIORI, BSP, webdynpro for ABAP).
Questions that will be answered in this blog are:
How do I use ANST for web applications?
What do I need to do to prepare my system for this?
What do I need to do for using ANST for FIORI back end recording?
System preparation for ANST for web applications
First you need to follow the instructions in OSS note 2286869 – ANST: Trace On/Off error “Dynamic Start and Stop cancelled by user” to get rid of the trace error. Unfortunately this note is not really clear. The short instruction on what to do follows now. Go to transaction FILE and search for the ANST_TRACES_GLOBAL. It should look like this:
Then select the logical file definition and delete the line for Physical path. Should look like this:
Now we are good to go for the web part recording, but not yet for FIORI.
Tip: this note contains a very good PDF attachment as manual for ANST.
Run ANST for web application
Running ANST for web applications is not very much different from running on SAP GUI. Upon start of the ANST tool select your web application (which is bit different per application):
After you now start with Execute you get a popup screen to confirm recording start:
After pressing start your web browser will start and you can perform the actions you want to trace. To stop go back to the ABAP screen and press the Stop Recording button:
The rest of the ANST processing is the same as usual.
SAP has done an improvement on TAANA to count dynamic subfields. This blog will explain how. More generic information on TAANA can be found in this blog.
Questions that will be answered in this blog are:
How to get the new TAANA function for dynamic subfields?
How to run TAANA dynamic subfields?
How to get the new TAANA function for dynamic subfields?
We will use table JEST as example. This table as a pretty annoying setup. The main field OBJNR is in fact 2 fields: the first 2 characters are object identification, and the second part is a number for the object. But if you want to analyze how many objects type you have this is problematic with SE16.
In TAANA we can use the dynamic subfields. Start transaction TAANA and create an Ad Hoc Anlysis for table JEST. First hit Execute to start, enter table JEST and in this screen hit the Ad Hoc Variant button:
Now select the OBJNR field:
In the Offset field fill 0. And in Subfield length 2. This means take first 2 characters of field OBJNR. Press ok and start the run in the background.
The end result is a cross section with counts on the types of the first 2 characters in JEST-OBJNR:
SE16S and SE16H
For some searches, also have a look at SE16S and SE16H.
SE16H is a HANA specific implementation of SE16. This blog will explain the additional functions of SE16H.
Questions that will be answered in this blog are:
How to use SE16H?
Where to find full list of SE16H functions?
Which bug fix notes for SE16H should I apply?
SE16H: HANA specific implementation of SE16
SE16 or SE16N are one of the most used transactions for data analysis on any SAP system. SE16H is the HANA specific implementation which leverages some of the HANA specific strengths.
Transaction code to start is simply SE16H. We now enter VBAK as example table. Just pressing execute will give simple list of first 500 entries. Nothing new.
Now we run again, but tick the Group and Sort tick boxes for the Document Category field:
The output now is a sum of the sales orders in table VBAK grouped by identical Document Category:
TAANA vs SE16H vs SE16S
If you run on HANA, the SE16H transaction is a faster option than the classical TAANA transaction, since SE16H runs online and TAANA runs as batch.
SE16H is for lookup of single table. SE16S can search for content in one or multiple tables. More on SE16S in this blog.
This blog addresses the main challenge in SAP data archiving for functional object: the discussions with the business.
This blog will give answers to the following questions:
When to start data archiving discussion with the business?
How to come to good retention periods?
What are arguments for not archiving certain data?
Data archiving discussion with the business
Unlike technical data deletion, functional data archiving cannot be done without proper business discussion and approval.
Depending on your business several aspects for data are important:
Auditing and Sox needs
Tax and legal retention periods
Product data requirement
And so on…..
Here are some rules of thumb you can use before considering to start up the business discussions about archiving:
Rule of thumb 1: the system is pretty new. At least wait 3 years to get an insight into which tables are growing fast and are worth to investigate for data archiving.
Rule of thumb 2: if your system is growing slowly, but the infrastructure capabilities grow faster: only perform technical clean up and don't even start functional data archiving.
Rule of thumb 3: if you are on HANA: use NSE (Native Storage Extension). NSE does not require too much work, it is only technical and it does not require much business discussions. Data retrieval from end user perspective is transparent.
Data analysis before starting the discussion
If your system is growing fast and/or you are getting performance complaints, then you need to do proper data analysis before starting any business discussion.
Start with proper analysis on the data. Use the TAANA tool to get insights into the data: how is the distribution of data per document type, per year, per plant/company code etc. If you want to propose retention period of let’s say 5 years, you can use the TAANA results to show what percentage of data you can move out of the database.
Secondly: if you have an idea on which data you want to archive, first execute a trial run on a recent production copy. There might be functional blocks that prevent you from archiving data (like not closed documents).
Third important factor is the ease of data retrieval. Some object have a nice simple data retrieval function, and some are really terrible. If the retrieval is good, the business will more easily accept a shorter retention period. Read more on technical data retrieval in this blog.
As last step you can start the business case: how much data will be saved (and how much money hence will be save) and how much performance would be gain. And how much time is needed to be invested for setting up, checking (testing!) and running the data archiving runs.
In practice data archiving business case is only present in very large systems of 5 TB and larger. This sizing tipping point changes in time as hardware gets cheaper and hourly manpower costs go up.
The discussion itself
Take must time in planning for the discussion itself. It is not uncommon that archiving discussions take over a year to complete. The better you are prepared the easier the discussion. It also helps to have a few real performance pain points to get solved via data archiving. There is normally a business owner for this pain point who can help push data archiving.
This blog will explain how to execute a data archiving run.
Questions that will be answered in this blog are:
Which settings do I need to make or check before data archiving run?
How to perform the data archiving run?
How to validate the data archiving run?
How to retrieve that archived data?
This blog assumes you have finished the basic technical data archiving setup as described in this blog. It also assumes you have made agreements with your business on the retention periods. For more information and tips on discussions with the business teams on data archiving, read this blog.
If you are looking for specific functional data archiving runs:
Functional data archiving example: purchase requisitions
To explain the functional data archiving we will use Purchase Requisitions as example. Technical object name is MM_EBAN.
To see which tables are archived hit the Database Tables button. Here you can see the list of tables from which data potentially be archived:
If you want to see the other way around, which table is used in archiving objects, do put in the table as entry point, to retrieve list of archiving objects. In this example archiving objects that delete from table EBAN:
Dependency of objects
By clicking the top left button on the archiving object you get the archiving dependency view. For MM_EBAN this is pretty simple: it has no dependencies.
As example for dependencies this is the overview for sales orders (SD_VBAK):
Here you can see that before you can archive sales orders, you should archive the billing documents first. And for the billing documents, you should archive the deliveries first.
Functional archiving settings
First we have to make or check the object specific functional archiving settings.
In the case of purchase requisitions we have to set the retention periods per document type:
Pre-processing step
Some archive object have a pre-processing step. MM_EBAN has one as well. In this step data is selected and marked for archiving (many times by setting deletion flag or other indicator).
In the step create the variant (give it a useful name) by putting in the name and pressing Edit. On the next screen fill out your data select the log level. Go back to the first screen and select the start data and spool parameters. When both lights are green, hit the execute button. When you click the job log button you check for the results.
Example of result of pre-processing run:
As you can see not all selected data is archived. Transactions that are not completed from business point of view will not be flagged for archiving.
Write run
If you have done the pre-processing step, continue with the write step. Principle is the same: select the data and log level. Important in the write step is to correctly fill the Archiving Session Note with a useful text. This text is put as label on the archive file for later retrieval:
When done plan the job and execute. Result looks like:
Pending on your technical system settings the file will be stored automatically or you still need to do this manually.
Storage run
If you have setup the system to store files in content server, you first have to execute storage run. For more details see this dedicated blog.
Deletion run
Finally we can now start the deletion run: the actual clean up of old data happens now.
Select the data files you want to archive and start the run.
Word of care with deletion: please don't select too much files and subsection in one go. Each file sub section will result into a deletion job. The deletion will put significant load on the database, since it will be pushing out a lot of data. If you are not careful you will launch easily 20 or more heavy deletion jobs that run in parallel and that might severely decrease system performance.
Result of archiving deletion run:
Checking archive result
The result checking is possible by looking at the technical correctness of the archive file.
In the archiving object choose the Overview button. Then select the archive file you want to inspect. A correct file should like like this:
In the testing phases and first production runs, you also want to do record counting. A good way is to run the TAANA transaction for key tables you want to archive before the archiving and after the archiving. The difference should match the deletion counter on the write and deletion logs. If you find differences: check for bug fix OSS notes.
Data retrieval
Retrieving archived data is different per archived object. Some retrieval is nicely integrated into the normal transaction. Some require extra transaction to run. Some retrieval is via special program.
Data retrieval of purchase requisitions can be done via SARA and choosing the read option.
Here you first need to manually select the archive files to read from (see I did not give the note and regret it, since the file has no meaning now…):
Before starting to check the data archiving for an object, it is best to check and read the OSS notes for the pre-processing, write, delete and read programs. Apply the bug fix notes and read about certain aspects, before you have time-consuming effort to figure out you have a bug or a certain feature that is documented inside the notes.
Controlling amount of parallel batch jobs
The deletion phase of archiving can lead to uncontrolled amount of parallel batch jobs. See this dedicated blog on how you can control it.
Data archiving run statistics
Transaction SAR_DA_STAT_ANALYSIS can be used to collect statistics on the data archiving runs:
FIORI app
If you are running recent version of S4HANA, you can also use a FIORI app for monitoring the data archiving runs. Read more in this dedicated blog.
This blog will explain the general technical setup to be performed for SAP data archiving.
Questions that will be answered in this blog are:
Which generic settings do I need to make for data archiving in the technology domain?
Why should I use a content server to store archive files?
For getting insights in what to archive, read this dedicated blog first.
Data archiving content server setup
For data archiving you can use the file system for storing the archive files. This you can do to perform initial testing. For productive use it is best to store the archive files in a content server. It will not be the first time an overzealous basis person in need for file storage deletes some old files in a directory called /archive…..
After you install the content server, set up in OAC0 the customizing for the content server to use it for Archivelink:
In this initial screen no object is selected. Now press the Customizing button.
Set the Cross-Client File Names/Paths to your needs. You can do that from this menu, or directly from the FILE transaction.
Set the physical path name to be used:
Even when you use content server the file will first be written to physical path for temporary storage.
And check the archive file name:
Technical settings per archiving object
Per archiving object you can set the technical settings. Normally you keep settings the same per object. Only for very large installations with archiving or special needs, you might want to deviate.
In the technical settings per data archiving object set the following:
Important settings to set:
Max size in MB or the max objects
Check the variants (some variants for production have still deliberately the test tick box as on: you have to change it)
Best to leave the delete jobs to Not scheduled (large archiving runs can create many files and many deletion jobs to kick in at the same time): best to do this manually in controlled way
Start storage automatically or manually is a choice for you
Best to store before deletion. This is the most conservative setting.
Best to delete only from storage system: if file is not stored properly in any way, deletion will not have. This is the most conservative setting.
Actual data archiving runs
How to execute the actual data archiving runs is explained in this dedicated blog.
